Which principle from the Nuremberg Code emphasizes that no serious injury or death should be a potential outcome of an experiment?

The principle emphasizing that no serious injury or death should be a potential outcome of an experiment is indeed captured by the concept of "protection against severe outcomes." This principle is rooted in the ethical framework established by the Nuremberg Code, which arose in response to the unethical medical experiments conducted during World War II.

The Nuremberg Code clearly articulates that research subjects must be protected from harm, and this includes preventing any risks of serious injury or death. This principle is a fundamental guideline for ethical research practices, ensuring that the welfare of participants is prioritized over the research objectives. It underscores the obligation of researchers to design studies that inherently minimize risks and protect participant safety, aligning with the broader goal of maintaining ethical standards in scientific exploration.

In contrast, the other choices touch upon important ethical considerations as well, but do not specifically address the avoidance of severe outcomes in the same direct manner. For instance, while the right to discontinue allows participants to withdraw from a study at any point, and avoidance of unnecessary suffering focuses on minimizing all forms of discomfort, these principles do not specifically articulate the prohibition against risking serious harm or death in the framework of ethical research. The qualification of scientific personnel ensures that individuals conducting experiments are trained and knowledgeable, which supports ethical research but